- Hardcover: 164 pages
- Publisher: General Books (Nov 4 2008)
- Language: English
- ISBN-10: 1443730394
- ISBN-13: 978-1443730396
- Product Dimensions: 14 x 21.6 x 1.3 cm
- Shipping Weight: 358 g
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Most of his respondents were mathematicians (and he limited his correspondence to the best minds in the field), but he did get information from several other fields, and cites data about physicists (a letter from Einstein forms another appendix), chemists, physiologists, metaphysicians, and so on. What he is trying to examine is a slippery subject, perhaps best explained by a quote. Here is a discussion of Sidgwick, an economist: "His reasonings on economic questions were almost always accompanied by images, and the images were often curiously arbitrary and sometimes almost undecipherably symbolic. For example, it took him a long time to discover that an odd symbolic image which accompanied the word 'value' was a faint, partial image of a man putting something on a scale."
Hadamard gives his own mental images that accompany his following through the steps of Euclid's famous proof of the infinitude of primes. I won't reproduce that here for space reasons, but the contrast with Sidgwick's--and with other reports of mental activity--is fascinating. Many other examples are given, from Mozart to Polya to Galton to Poincare. Hadamard makes it clear that language and thought are not the same thing, contrary to a commonly expressed view among linguists. He cites Max Muller's comments equating thought and language, and acknowledges that for Muller it may be so, but convincingly demonstrates, by quoting numerous other mathematicians, that it is not true for everyone. The further conclusion, that the process of creative thought, while following similar patterns in similar discipline, can vary dramatically, is as far as Hadamard can go with the data he has.
One other note: this book was retitled "The Mathematician's Mind" and republished in the Princeton Science Library series; it's not immediately clear from the Amazon page that this is so. The Dover edition is substantially cheaper.
A fascinating and informative book.
The book is short enough that if the subject interests you, it is worth your time.
The text is also published under the title "The Mathematician's Mind."
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