Equipment and examination technique generalities. Equipment. Examination technique. Artifacts. Doppler technologies. Echo-contrast agents.- Technical examination procedure. Thoracic and abdominal wall. Upper extremity. Lower extremity.- Sonographic and power Doppler normal anatomy. Cartilage. Synovial spaces. Tendons and ligaments. Muscles. Nerves. Dermis and hypodermis.- Sonographic changes in musculoskeletal rheumatic involvement. Cartilage. Synovial spaces. Tendons and ligaments. Muscles. Nerves. Dermis and hypodermis.- Pathologic findings in rheumatic diseases. Osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis. Seronegative spondyloarthritis. Crystal-related arthropathies. Connective tissue disorders. Metabolic diseases. Synovial osteochondromatosis. Pigmented villonodular synovitis. Septic arthritis. Hemophiliac arthropathy. Primitive and peripheral entrapment neuropathies. Rheumatology in sport.- Ultrasonography and therapy monitoring.- Ultrasound-guided procedures.