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The Mathematician Sophus Lie: It was the Audacity of My Thinking [Hardcover]

Arild Stubhaug , R. Daly
5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (1 customer review)
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Book Description

Jan 10 2002 3540421378 978-3540421375 2002
Sophus Lie (1842-1899) is one of Norways greatest scientific talents. His mathematical works have made him famous around the world no less than Niels Henrik Abel. The terms "Lie groups" and "Lie algebra" are part of the standard mathematical vocabulary. In his comprehensive biography the author Arild Stubhaug introduces us to both the person Sophus Lie and his time. We follow him through: childhood at the vicarage in Nordfjordeid; his youthful years in Moss; education in Christiania; travels in Europe; and learn about his contacts with the leading mathematicians of his time.

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"... Es ist besonders erfreulich, dass sich der Autor zum Ziel gesetzt hat, nach Abel auch Lie einem über die Mathematiker weit hinausgehenden Leserkreis nahe zu bringen. In seinem lesenswerten Buch stellt er den interessanten Lebenslauf eines nicht immer bequemen Genies voll irrtümlicher Lebenskraft, abe auch mit Schattenseiten dar. ... Ein spannendes Buch, das auch Einblick in die deutsche Universitätsgeschichte des späten 19. Jahrhunderts gibt, aber auch ein tröstliches und ermutignedes Buch für junge Mathematiker. ... Zusammenfassend, ein Buch, das man gerne im eigenen Bücherregal stehen hat." (P. Gruber, Internationale Mathematische Nachrichten 2003, Heft 57, Ausgabe 192) "... Ich muss allerdings eingestehen, dass sich mir, als ich das sorgfältig und mit Liebe aufgemachte Buch zum ersten Mal in Händen hielt, die Frage aufdrängte, wen denn dieses Buch interessieren könnte. Beim ersten Lesen ertappte ich mich oft dabei, dass ich Passagen, die nicht unmittelbar mit seiner Tätigkeit als Mathematiker zu tun hatten, diagonal las oder zu überspringen suchte, in der Hoffnung eingeweiht zu werden in eine Gedankenwelt, der die bahnbrechenden neuen, partielle Differentialgleichungen und Geometrie vereinenden Ideen entsprangen, die zur Theorie der Transformationsgruppen führten. Das fand ich zwar nicht: wie in der Biographie über N.H. Abel vom gleichen Autor(siehe die Besprechung von E. Behrends) ist auch dieses Buch von Stubhaug ohne eine einzige Formel oder präzise mathematische Definition. Was aber Stubhaug uns durch seine umfangreichen Nachforschungen, hauptsächlich in Briefen Lies an seine Frau, an seine Freunde in Norwegen und Briefe an und von seinen Kollegen, mitteilen kann, lässt in vielen Einzelheiten, Stück für Stück, ein breiteres Bild von Lie, der wissenschaftlichen und politischen Situation Norwegens zu Lies Zeit, und des wissenschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Lebens an Lies Wirkungsstätten entstehen. Die Darstellung, in der zum Teil die Inhalte einer Reihe von Briefen nacheinander auch mit Hilfe kurzer Zitate referiert werden, birgt die Gefahr der Ermüdung. Dem entgeht Stubhaug einmal durch seinen angenehmen Erzählstil, zum anderen durch gelegentliche Unterbrechungen, in denen der zeitliche und geschichtliche Hintergrund angesprochen wird. Jedenfalls fiel mir auf, dass ich mit wachsender Neugierde die zu Beginn überflogenen Stellen eine nach der anderen wieder aufsuchte und mit Interesse las. .......... Das Buch bringt allen großen Gewinn, die sich für Sophus Lie und seine Zeit interessieren. Insbesondere erfährt man viel über den wissenschaftlichen Kontakt zwischen Lie und anderen mathematischen Größen der damaligen Zeit wie Klein, Kummer, Study, Darboux, Poincar und anderen. Wen die mathematischen Ideen Lies interessieren, der kommt nicht umhin, sich mit dessen Arbeiten auseinanderzusetzen, um dann in Verbindung mit Stubhaugs Buch vielleicht doch etwas von der "audacity of my (Lie's) thinking" zu erblicken." P.S. Man sollte vielleicht auch erwähnen, dass das Buch im Vergleich zu Mathematikbüchern, die ähnlich aufwendig gestaltet sind, außergewöhnlich preiswert ist." (E. Vogt, http://www.mathematik.de)

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0 of 1 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars The Mathematical Reviews' reference Sep 26 2007
Format:Hardcover
Stubhaug/Daly contribution is welcome indeed. Here is information for finding the other book that Mathematical Reviews review of Stubhaug/Daly calls a "definitive history of the mathematical theory" and like Stubhaug/Daly "(a blessing to) the study of the history of Lie groups":

Thomas Hawkins, "Emergence of The Theory of Lie Groups: An Essay in the History of Mathematics 1869-1926", ISBN 0-387-98963-3, Springer, 2000.

Hawkins' history has sections on the contributions of Sophus Lie, Wilhelm Killing, Elie Cartan, and Hermann Weyl.
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3.0 out of 5 stars A reader of math texts April 24 2012
By Andrew Clark - Published on Amazon.com
Format:Paperback|Amazon Verified Purchase
This is a well-written text which has a depth of material about Lie's life and times. I was hoping it would have the necessary mathematical material as in Ebbinghau's biography of Zermelo or Yandell's "The Honor Class." As one of the reviewer's wrote, this is not a text to gain an historical persepctive on Lie groups from their inception. That's unfortunate but for those who are interested in Lie's life and times, it is a good book.
5.0 out of 5 stars Where Lie groups came from Dec 7 2011
By Professor Joseph L. McCauley - Published on Amazon.com
Format:Paperback
I received this book in Norwegian as a gift several years ago and have only read it in part, but I can strongly recommend it. The book is thick, it covers Lie's personal life as well as his mathematical contributions.

Lie was born in Nordfjoreid, a small village in Norway just south of the Sunnmøre Alps. He studied and taught at the University of Oslo (UiO), where he was reputed to have jumped out a window after the students locked him in a classroom as prank. He was apparently extreme as Norwegians go. Every Norwegian, more or less, hikes and skis in the mountains from an early age, but Lie is reported to have walked 80 km/day consistently during his years at UiO. He became a friend of Felix Klein early-on. Both were geometers. Lie was arrested and held as German spy while hiking south from Paris toward the Alps during the Franco-Prussian War. He was carrying letters from Klein in German which the French police feared were coded information. When Klein left Leipzig he got Lie the position there. The many volumes with Engel and Scheffers were written there. If you ask a Leipziger today who were Klein and Lie, you will likely be treated with a blank stare. Lie eventually left Leipzig and returned to Oslo.

Lie set for himself and answered the question: when is a continuous group of transformations integrable. He thereby constructed Lie algebras as on the road to the answer. Lie algebras arise from following Lie's path: study a tranformation near the identity. Lie's work is directly applicable to classical mechanics. My book 'Classical Mechanics' has a chapter on Lie groups and uses Lie's ideas throughout. The extension of the theory of Lie algebras by Cartan has been used heavily in nuclear physics and quantum field theory. The discovery of root diagrams for a Lie algebra provided the system for classifying particles in the SU(3) theory. Modern physics, and our deeper understanding of integrable systems in classical mechanics, would be unthinkable without Lie groups and Lie algebras.
0 of 1 people found the following review helpful
3.0 out of 5 stars Audacity Feb 2 2012
By Malcolm Cameron - Published on Amazon.com
Format:Paperback|Amazon Verified Purchase
The Mathematician Sophus Lie: It was the Audacity of My Thinking by Arild Stubhaug

This book is similar in style to "Gösta Mittag-Leffler: A Man of Conviction" by the same author. As it does not have a preface it does not specify a target audience to guide potential readers. But it is not for those seeking to appreciate mathematics via the history of an individual mathematician within the intellectual environment of the time or those seeking an informal narrative.

"Tracking Him Down: A Torrent of Stories" is an encouraging beginning being a series of anecdotes bought forward from the main text; while the chapter "Into Mathematical History" does explain some of Sophus Lie's work and his field of study. But these two chapters are not typical of the book. It would be useful to fold back all the useful content of all subsequent chapters into the anecdotes adding some of Sophus Lie's mathematics and some commentary. After all, his story is worth telling. It was Sophus Lie who said from experience "I think that a Mathematician is comparatively well suited to be in Prison" after being mistaken for a spy on a walk from Paris to Milan.

Given that Sophus Lie lectured to the Student Society and his father the Worker's Academy (as it was later called) the modern reader should demand for the same. "The people's or worker's academy movement" we are told "began in England as a popular extension of cultural awakening for the general public and reached Sweden in 1880 ..." Let us keep it alive.

Mathematicians will retain public support only if those interested (with a smattering of mathematical background) are given an opportunity to appreciate what is going on in their endeavor. It was said of Sophus Lie in 1886 that:

And he doth speak a unique Tongue
That few can read, and fewer write.
`Tis Greek to Folk both old and young
And shall scarcely set the World alight.
A dialect did Sophus Lie,
Of this rare Lingo learn,
And joined the tribe of Two or three
Who, its Meaning could discern.

Yet today's general audience may understand as much (or perhaps, as little) as a more professional audience. A few diagrams and equations will not scare this audience if informally mixed with the motivation, philosophy, argument, competition, anecdotes, human interest, and humorous perhaps aphoristic exaggerations.

Malcolm Cameron
3 February 2012
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