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Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity Paperback – May 14 2007
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A provocative manifesto, Whipping Girl tells the powerful story of Julia Serano, a transsexual woman whose supremely intelligent writing reflects her diverse background as a lesbian transgender activist and professional biologist. Serano shares her experiences and observations-both pre- and post-transition-to reveal the ways in which fear, suspicion, and dismissiveness toward femininity shape our societal attitudes toward trans women, as well as gender and sexuality as a whole.
Serano's well-honed arguments stem from her ability to bridge the gap between the often-disparate biological and social perspectives on gender. She exposes how deep-rooted the cultural belief is that femininity is frivolous, weak, and passive, and how this 'feminine' weakness exists only to attract and appease male desire.
In addition to debunking popular misconceptions about transsexuality, Serano makes the case that today's feminists and transgender activist must work to embrace and empower femininity-in all of its wondrous forms.
- Print length408 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherSeal Press
- Publication dateMay 14 2007
- Dimensions13.97 x 2.54 x 20.32 cm
- ISBN-101580051545
- ISBN-13978-1580051545
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Product description
From Publishers Weekly
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About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Seal Press; annotated edition (May 14 2007)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 408 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1580051545
- ISBN-13 : 978-1580051545
- Item weight : 399 g
- Dimensions : 13.97 x 2.54 x 20.32 cm
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Julia Serano is an Oakland, California-based writer, spoken word performer, activist, and biologist. She is the author of several award-winning books, including Whipping Girl, Excluded, and her debut novel 99 Erics. Julia's forthcoming book – Sexed Up: How Society Sexualizes Us, and How We Can Fight Back – will be released by Seal Press in May, 2022. Julia’s other writings have appeared in over twenty anthologies, in news and media outlets such as The New York Times, TIME, The Guardian, Salon, The Daily Beast, and Ms., and have been used as teaching materials in college courses across North America.
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Top reviews from Canada
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Large chunks are skippable for those not interested in academic argument. Her political arguments, while sometimes overwrought, hit a lot of important points about of a sub-group of feminists that see rights as a zero sum game. Likewise, her criticism of right wing politicians put the trans case very well.
A must read for those on the MTF path and very informative for others who want to understand the MTF transgender experience.
Her varied experience slowly going from one side of the fence to the other, exploring along the way, gives her perspective real merit in my opinion.
Beyond that she also takes great care to shine a light on the issues from a myriad of perspectives and opinions.
This book should be anyone's first stop when concerning gender related questions and gender related research.
Top reviews from other countries
Somehow, I've wound up not being too exposed to the current surge of trans issues, only hearing a thing or two once in while, noting that it did seem odd the increased frequency with which girls at my son's sixth form were announcing they are trans. I can't recall the moment, but I wound up suddenly finding this was a much bigger deal in the world right now that I thought, and as I didn't have a lot of knowledge here I thought I'd best do a bit of reading-up.
That led me first to Helen Joyce and Kathleen Stock's books, both of which I found really engaging and tough to put down. But it occurred to me that I needed a view from the other side of the argument, and could use some guidance (I had seen Butler mentioned but I was a bit scared off as it sounded more academic that I was looking for). I re-scanned the one-star reviews for Stock's Material Girl (which are notable, to my mind, in that exactly 1 review is from a verified purchaser, even though most claim to have read it), and while most of the reviews weren't helpful, I did come across one that was more than two angry sentences and seemed to convey a coherent view (though a lot wasn't immediately familiar). The reviewer mentioned Julia Serano as a source who could address Stock's issues, so I figured, right, here's my next book then.
But it turns out I chose poorly. The book really is for folks who have no issue with a few fundamental tenets such as trans women are women, gender/sex aren't really differentiable, transphobia is pretty much exhibited by any in opposition to any aspect of trans thinking, etc. This isn't what I was looking for: I need someone to address why these tenets should be accepted in the first place, as they aren't all that intuitively satisfying and their impact on the world is so material that a awfully compelling reasoning for their truth must be supplied.
So I don't want to review this book for what I was looking from it since it isn't focused on that (and that's not the book's fault), and besides I haven't finished it for the same reason plus I haven't found it a particularly compelling read. But I do have some thoughts on what I found in this book.
The most important aspect I found particularly troublesome was that it didn't practice what it preached: while it felt that non-trans people weren't in the place to comment at all on trans people, it has no problem at all stating what non-trans people think, feel, or are motivated by. So it asserts a privilege for itself that it is unwilling to cede to non-trans people. I find this particularly ironic especially since the book is at issue with cis-privilege. This key aspect alone really undercuts the book's message to my mind: it's very difficult maintain a charitable read on its positions when it is doing the same things it rails against.
I can't help but contrast this to how Joyce and Stock will offer some clear speculation as to possible underlying motives or mechanisms for a segment of the trans community, but I find no such measured language here-- it simply states that things are a certain way, and makes no allowances for prevalence in the non-trans population, or indeed indicate that it's views are only a possibility.
I'm also put off by the use of language not as descriptive tool but as a political cudgel. The worst example of this is how 'transphobia' has been defined and used way beyond the conventional use of the word phobia to encompass anyone who dares disagree with trans agenda, goals, or actions. This isn't the only place where this happens, and has always irked me as it is clearly a means to stifle legitimate discourse on a topic who's impact goes well beyond those who are theoretically the subject of such language. If everyone else doesn't have the right to have input into these areas, this is just a new kind of tyranny.
It was this tone that really turned me off from reading further; I've spent enough time writing annoyed notes in a book as I read it, and I couldn't see myself spending the extra time. I think I'm going to need to roll up my sleeves and dig into Butler to get the kind of analytical treatment I'm looking for.
I'm sure this book will speak well to the life experience of many folks, and I do hope they get value out of it and find that it provides them solace and strength to live the life they wish. But I guess I'm just not the audience for it.
WHY THIS BOOK?
Transgender lives are political. 2016 saw the passage of North Carolina’s HB2, the “bathroom bill”; 2017 started with 5 more states proposing similar legislature. These bills say that individuals born with male genitalia endanger people in the women’s restroom. I never believed that, but discussions of trans people made me realize how little I knew. With Whipping Girl, I sought the transgender story.
THE GOOD
Whipping Girl is a fabulous book. I read Whipping Girl because I wanted to better understand life as a trans person, but it makes so many great points about gender for the rest of us. Part of the strength of Serano’s narrative is the fact that she has lived on both sides of our gender divide. Sometimes the success of Jewish entertainers has been attributed to their ability to be both insiders and outsiders; perhaps transgender women like Serano have an analogous experience with womanhood.
I can’t possibly cover all the things I liked about this book. It’s the rare book that makes me consider my own life differently.
Serano asserts the societal belief: most believe that men and women are equal, but many do not believe that masculinity and femininity are equal. We consider masculinity strong, natural, and unpretentious. Because masculine and feminine are opposites, we believe femininity to be weak, artificial, and pretentious. It’s a restatement of familiar arguments; masculine women are penalized for failing to fit the model of a woman, and feminine women are penalized for being feminine. I realized that I hold some of these beliefs. I have congratulated myself for rarely wearing make-up; I have sneered at female friends that dress up. I heard these messages growing up a lot. They are rooted in seeing femininity as a failing.
Serano describes how these societal beliefs complicate gender transition. She describes how mtf transgender people are viewed with suspicion. If masculinity is superior, someone who “trades down” voluntarily must have suspicious motivations. She describes how media shows many more mtf people than ftm. I hadn’t noticed, but it is true. Many of the roles with mtf people show them either as succubi seeking to entrap and damage men or as pitiful, funny failures. She cites a bunch of examples that I don’t know. My media experiences are with Orange is the New Black and Transparent. Hopefully that’s a sign of progress in the decade since this book’s publication.
Serano discusses nature versus nurture. Some believe that men are born masculine and women are born feminine (and thus, gender is nature). Some believe that we only exhibit gendered behaviors due to societal influences (and thus, gender is nurture). Serano argues that women are more likely to be feminine and men more likely to be masculine, but with a distribution of traits. In her model, gender expression is like height; on average, men are taller than women, but many individual women are taller than many individual men. Women, on average, gravitate towards stereotypically feminine behaviors like chattiness, but many individual men are more naturally chatty than many women. Femininity feels natural to most women, and masculinity feels natural to most men, but not all.
Serano talks about the process of seeing herself as transgender. Since childhood, she had experienced feelings that she was a girl. She calls it gender dissonance. She experimented with a lot of different gender expressions, eventually leading her to the trans identity. When she started taking hormones, that felt right. She describes it as her brain believing her body to be female. We don’t fully understand the relationship between brain and body, but to me, this seems similar to the so called “sixth sense” of proprioception, the awareness of one’s body in space.
Serano also discusses the horrifying history of transgender people and medicine. It’s full of icky stuff like doctors rating their patients’ attractiveness, and seeing society’s comfort, rather than their patient’s, as the most important outcome of transition. Trans people were forced to leave home and assume a new life to make others comfortable, meaning that they were forced to leave their families and support networks. Today’s bathroom bills fall into that history of putting society’s discomfort above the health of an individual.
THE BAD
The book is a decade old. Although mine is a 2016 second edition, the guts haven’t changed much. Whipping Girl is still super informative, but a decade changes much. For example, DSM V was published in 2013; it’s treatment of transgender issues vary substantially from the DSM IV discussed in the book.
The second half of the book discusses trans theory and feminist theory. Some other reviews of the book suggest that she is unfair to the feminist movement; I have no idea. Still, the first part had a real immediacy that the second part didn’t. It probably would be well-suited to the classroom, but didn’t add much for me as a reader just wanting to understand a different perspective better.
OVERALL
Whipping Girl is an essential read if you want to understand trans people better. It’s also a great dissection of gender in society. I came away from the book wishing that people could be more supportive of one another. Trans people aren’t bathroom predators, they’re people in a tough spot. We are obsessed with men being men and women being women, and we mostly don’t even notice. Trans people challenge that obsession, and we see that some people would rather punish others than question their assumptions.
Interestingly, Serano mentions various potential faults in the preface of this second edition. Keep in mind that the original book was published in 2007 so, nine years later, some things have undoubtedly changed. Some of the terms or descriptions initially used have grown slightly outdated, so, among other factors, Serano prefaces this edition by stating that “[the original book] was a reaction to what was happening in society [...] during the early to mid [2000’s]” (x). She admits that the book's near-exclusive emphasis on Serano's experiences as a transsexual woman may give some a “skewed view of gender-variant communities and issues” (xxiii-xxiv). She regrets the lack of perspectives from colleagues and professionals, stating that the book does not actively discuss the "issues and experiences of intersex [...], non-binary identified and two-spirit [...], [trans-male/masculine or straight-identified trans people, or trans people of color and other cultures]” (xxiv). While the book primarily uses Serano’s experiences at different points of her life as the basis for many of her arguments, she builds upon these with a fair amount of research and notes various potential refutes to strengthen her arguments. Essentially, rather than being one-note, her claims are layered and encourage thought, introspection, and discussion.
I try to envelop myself in a community based on love and acceptance, regardless of gender identity and other factors. Most of my closest friends, and people I work with on projects, are on the LGBTQIA+ spectrum. Most of these friends have been through some trauma in their lives, whether misogyny, assault, gender dysphoria, etc. Though Julia Serano has had different experiences in her life, I found some similarities between the issues she raises and the issues my friends have encountered in their daily lives.
Unfortunately, transphobia is a significant problem in society and can be especially prevalent in the families of trans folk. This transphobia can make it extremely difficult for someone to come out, with many fearing that they may be harmed, kicked out of their house, or lose family members. I had already heard of many similar experiences, but Julia’s unique perspective gave me a fuller, more comprehensive grasp of these systemic issues.
Ultimately, I found Whipping Girl’s most valuable aspect to be the perspective that Mrs. Serano brings. Though the book primarily utilizes Serano’s experiences, she has a lot of insight to offer and is well-spoken and articulate in explaining things. The book does not alienate cissexual people in its content and delves into subjects in a way that encourages discussion, learning, and introspection. Even though society has gradually become more inclusive in recent years, these issues are still important and continue to resonate even almost 15 years after the book was initially published. I’d highly recommend Whipping Girl to anyone with even an iota of interest in transfeminism, with the caveat that some terms that were prevalent in 2007 may be somewhat outdated today. Otherwise, it’s a fascinating read and is well worth your time.
To be sure, there are many features of modern gender expression that are clearly arbitrary and imposed upon individuals by social experience: the association of thinness or the color pink with femininity, for instance. But Serano also argues that "subconscious sex" exists in each one of us, whether or not we are aware of it--and when it is out of alignment with our biological sex, as it was in her case, the feelings of wrongness can be urgent and persistent. Only when she transitioned from being male to female did Serano begin to experience an easing of the profound physical dissonance that she had endured throughout her life. Her history and her transition thus incline her to a belief that "subconscious sex" is hardwired into a person's brain. Although there is currently no unimpeachable neuroscience to support this theory that a person's sexual identity is rooted in biology, the existence of gender dysphoric people across cultures and throughout history, when added to research on differences between male and female brains, make it a plausible position. It is also a courageous position for Serano to take, as it puts her in opposition to a significant flank of late 20th-century gender theory (following Judith Butler et al.) that rests on an understanding of gender as entirely socially constructed. It is to Serano's credit that she acknowledges the disparity between her approach and that of these others and that she boldly follows out its implications, one of which is that the "gender binary," which many others in the trans movement, wish to dismantle, has some basis in fact.
Because, however, Serano wants to argue much of her case from her own personal experience, she also is strongly inclined to grant the same legitimacy to all of the personal experiences of others, wherever they stand on the gender spectrum and whatever etiology they posit for the existence or rise of transgenderism in our current culture. This involves Serano in admitting positions that are actually logically incompatible with her own, like those that "ungender" her. The big-tent inclusiveness for which she argues near the end of the book, in which all people (straight, gay, transgender, intersex, radical feminists, etc.) are united under the banner of resisting "gender entitlement" is ridiculously utopian and inconsistent with the sharp logic of earlier essays in this collection. Possibly she finds herself enmeshed in such contradictions because she has herself felt the arrogant brunt of "cissexual `experts' [who claim to be] capable of understanding transsexuality better than transsexuals themselves--an idea that is as problematic as suggesting that male `experts' can understand womanhood better than women...." If anything gets Serano's back up, it is this kind of lordly gender presumption.
How ironic, then, that she herself can be seen as a male `expert' who claims a greater understanding of womanhood than that possessed by biological women. Several times as this book wears on, Serano seems to lean toward such a claim, noting that as someone who has experienced life both as a man and as a woman she is in a unique position to understand both male privilege and female experience, "an appreciation that seems lost on many cissexual women who sadly take their female identities and anatomies for granted." But what Serano has not experienced--and what is almost entirely omitted from this book--is the significance of the female role in reproduction: what it can do and does do to a great many women's lives. No transgender woman will ever suffer menstrual cramps or the debilitating mood swings that characterize some women's cycles. She will not experience pregnancy and childbirth, which are both profound and extremely difficult physical experiences. She will not be tied to an infant who is breast-feeding or deal with the prejudices in the work place that accompany bearing and nursing children. Nor, most likely, will it then fall to her to carry the lioness's share in the rearing of the children or the keeping of the home. She will not experience menopause and all the indignities that follow that change of life. It is not surprising therefore that the merest lip service has been paid to these aspects of "being a woman," about which she is not qualified to speak from first-hand experience. I submit that this "blind spot" is a sign of the logical contradiction that undermines Serano's argument from personal experience.
For finally an argument should not be won or lost on personal experience. Who of us can really claim to understand fully the meaning of our own lives? Perhaps it is here where we have our deepest blindnesses, even if our lives are also the sources of our profoundest insights. I admire Serano most in this book when she is not in her "girl whipping" mode, being outraged and infuriated by the overstepping of those who are unwilling to grant her authority simply on her say-so, because she feels herself to be a woman. The idea that any man who claims to be a woman should be accepted as a woman (regardless of any demonstration of commitment to live as one, adherence to any gate-keeper's protocol, or willingness to transition physically) is a rabbit hole; it leads to the absurdity of "subversivism," which Serano rightly denounces in her final chapters--where the most trivializing and nihilistic of attitudes toward gender difference win the day simply by virtue of their willingness to throw all of sex and gender overboard. Even as we expand our understanding of gender, we should not allow increasingly frivolous claims to gender privileges and identities to devolve into a free-for-all. This will take us nowhere (or worse).
Serano has won the right to be called a woman because she is taking public and irrevocable steps to claim that identity, which as she cogently argues is based not only in her life-history but in a scientific understanding of sex and gender, to which she has given an impressive amount of thought and for which she is able to argue. She does not need everybody else in the LBGTIQ community to agree with her; indeed, already as a non-subversive she is already well behind the curve and will lose more and more allies as time passes. But she does not need allies. Actually her personal experience is not very relevant either. Truth will do it.




